The Exo-planet Search Project Office is taking on the challenge of detecting the “second Earth” around cool stars that have lower mass than the Sun (M-dwarfs) using the near-infrared high-dispersion spectrograph (IRD) developed for the Subaru Telescope at the summit of Mauna Kea in Hawaii. Additionally, we are conducting direct imaging of extrasolar planets and circumstellar disks around central stars (thermal radiation, scattered light, and polarization) using the Subaru Telescope’s extreme adaptive optics system (SCExAO) and integral field spectrograph (CHARIS). Through these observations (high-contrast observations), we are exploring giant planets and protoplanetary disks as the birthplaces of planets. Simultaneously, we are collaborating with international researchers to conduct transit observations and study the atmospheric compositions of exoplanets using the multi-color photometric instrument MuSCAT deployed on domestic and foreign telescopes. We are also conducting detailed observations of disk structures using the ALMA telescope in the Atacama Desert in Chile.